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MANA Core Competencies
I. GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF PRACTICE
- Midwives work in partnership with women and their chosen support community throughout the caregiving relationship.
BIOL 306, BIOL 406, HLTH 234, HLTH 336, MDWF 142, MDWF 342, MDWF 447, PROD 410
- Midwives respect the dignity, rights and the ability of the women they serve to act responsibly throughout the caregiving relationship.
BIOL 306, BIOL 406, HLTH 234, HLTH 336, MDWF 142, MDWF 342, MDWF 447, PROD 410, PROD 510
- Midwives work as autonomous practitioners, collaborating with other health and social service providers when necessary.
BIOL 306, BIOL 406, HLTH 234, HLTH 336, MDWF 342, MDWF 447, PROD 410, BUS 413
- Midwives understand that physical, emotional, psycho-social and spiritual factors synergistically comprise the health of individuals and affect the childbearing process.
BIOL 306, BIOL 406, HLTH 336, MDWF 342, MDWF 447, PROD 510
- Midwives understand that female physiology and childbearing are normal processes, and work to optimize the well-being of mothers and their developing babies as the foundation of caregiving.
HLTH 234, HLTH 336, MDWF 342, MDWF 447
- Midwives understand that the childbearing experience is primarily a personal, social and community event.
MDWF 142, MDWF 342, MDWF 447
- Midwives recognize that a woman is the only direct care provider for herself and her unborn baby; thus the most important determinant of a healthy pregnancy is the mother herself.
HLTH 336, MDWF 342, MDWF 447, PROD 410
- Midwives recognize the empowerment inherent in the childbearing experience and strive to support women to make informed decisions and take responsibility for their own well-being.
BIOL 306, BIOL 406, HLTH 234, HLTH 336, MDWF 142, MDWF 342, MDWF 447, PROD 410
- Midwives strive to insure vaginal birth and provide guidance and support when appropriate to facilitate the spontaneous process of pregnancy, labor and birth, utilizing medical intervention only as necessary.
HLTH 234, HLTH 336, MDWF 342
- Midwives synthesize clinical observations, theoretical knowledge, intuitive assessment and spiritual awareness as components of a competent decision making process.
BIOL 306, BIOL 406, HLTH 234, HLTH 336, MDWF 342, MDWF 447
- Midwives value continuity of care throughout the childbearing cycle and strive to maintain continuous care within realistic limits.
HLTH 336, MDWF 142, MDWF 342, MDWF 447
- Midwives understand that the parameters of "normal" vary widely and recognize that each pregnancy and birth are unique.
HLTH 234, MDWF 142, MDWF 342, MDWF 447
II. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS
- Communication, counseling and teaching skills.
BIOL 306, BIOL 406, BUS 413, COMM 114, 214, HLTH 234, MDWF 142, MDWF 342, MDWF 447, PROD 410, PROD 510, SOSR 162, SOSR 164
- Human anatomy and physiology relevant to childbearing.
BIOL 100, BIOL 202, BIOL 306, BIOL 405, BIOL 406, HLTH 234, MDWF 242, 342, 446, 447; PHYT 120, SOSR 162
- Community standards of care of women and their developing infants during the childbearing cycle including midwifery and allopathic medical standards and the rationale for and limitations of such standards.
BIOL 100, BIOL 405, BUS 413; HLTH 234, MDWF 242, 445, 446, 447
- Health and social resources in her community.
BIOL 406, BUS 413, HLTH 234, MDWF 342, 447, PROD 410
- Significance of methods for documentation of care through the childbearing cycle.
BUS 413, HLTH 234, MDWF 242, 342, 447
- Informed decision making.
BIOL 306, BIOL 406, BUS 413, MDWF 142, 342, 445, 447; PROD 410
- The principles and appropriate application of clean and aseptic technique and universal precautions.
BIOL 100, BIOL 405, HLTH 131; MDWF 342, 436, 447
- Human sexuality including indication of common problems and indications for counseling.
BIOL 100, 202, 405; MDWF 342, 447
- Ethical considerations relevant to reproductive health.
BIOL 405, MIOL 406, BUS 413, MDWF 142, 342, 445, 446, 447
- The grieving process.
BIOL 406, COMM 214; MDWF 342, 344
- Knowledge of cultural variations.
BIOL 306, BIOL 406, HIST 184, MDWF 342
- Knowledge of common medical terms.
BIOL 100, 306, 405, 406; HLTH 234, MDWF 342, 445
- The ability to develop, implement and evaluate an individualized plan for midwifery care.
BIOL 405, MDWF 242, 342, 344, 445
- Woman centered care, including the relationship between the mother, infant and their larger support community.
MDWF 342
- Knowledge and application of various health care modalities as they apply to the childbearing cycle.
BIOL 306, 405, 406; BOTNY 150, HLTH 130, 132, 436; MDWF 242, 342, 344, 445, 447; PHYT 120, PROD 410
III. CARE DURING PREGNANCY
- Education and counseling for the childbearing cycle.
BIOL 405, MDWF 342
- Education and counseling for the childbearing cycle.
BIOL 100, 405, 406; MDWF 342, 445, PROD 410, COMM 114, SOSR 164
- Preexisting conditions in a woman's health history which are likely to influence her well-being when she becomes pregnant.
BIOL 100, 306, 405, 406; MDWF 342, 343
- Nutritional requirements of pregnant women and methods of nutritional assessment and counseling.
BIOL 100, 405; HLTH 130, 335; MDWF 342, PROD 410
- Changes in emotional, psycho-social and sexual variations that may occur during pregnancy.
MDWF 342, 343
- Environmental and occupational hazards for pregnant women.
BIOL 100, 306, 406; MDWF 342, 445
- Methods of diagnosing pregnancy.
MDWF 342
- Basic understanding of genetic factors which may indicate the need for counseling, testing, or referral.
BIOL 100, 306, 406; HLTH 336, MDWF 342
- Basic understanding of the growth and development of the unborn baby.
BIOL 100, 406; MDWF 342, PROD 410
- Indications for, risks, and benefits of bio-technical screening methods and diagnostic tests used during pregnancy.
BIOL 306, 405, 406; MDWF 342, 445; PROD 410, HLTH 336
- Anatomy, Physiology and evaluation of the soft and bony structures of the pelvis.
BIOL 100, 202; MDWF 242, 342
- The causes, assessment and treatment of the common discomforts of pregnancy.
MDWF 242, 342, 343
- Identification of, implications of and appropriate treatment for various infections, disease conditions and other problems which may affect pregnancy.
BIOL 100, HLTH 436, MDWF 342, 343, 344; PHYT 120
- Identification of, implications of, and appropriate treatment for various infections, disease conditions and other problems which may affect pregnancy.
BIOL 405, MDWF 342, 343, 344; PHYT 120
- Special needs of the RH negative woman.
BIOL 100, 306; HLTH 336, MDWF 342, 343, 344, 445; PROD 410
IV. CARE DURING LABOR, BIRTH AND IMMEDIATELY THEREAFTER
- The normal processes of labor and birth.
BIOL 100, 202; MDWF 242; SOSR 162
- Parameters and methods for evaluating maternal and fetal well-being during labor, birth and the immediate postpartum period including relevant historical data.
BIOL 405, 406; HLTH 131, MDWF 242, 243, 247
- Assessment of the birthing environment, assuring that it is clean, safe and supportive, and that appropriate equipment and supplies are on hand.
HLTH 131, MDWF 242, 345
- Emotional responses and their impact during labor, birth and immediately thereafter.
BIOL 406, MDWF 242, SOSR 162
- Comfort and support measures during labor, birth and the immediate postpartum period.
BIOL 100, HLTH 346, MDWF 242, 243; PHYT 120, SOSR 162
- Fetal and maternal anatomy and their interactions as relevant to assessing fetal position and the progress of labor.
BIOL 202; MDWF 242
- Techniques to assist and support the spontaneous vaginal birth of the baby and placenta.
BIOL 202; HLTH 436, MDWF 242, 243; PHYT 120
- Fluid and nutritional requirements during labor, birth and the immediate postpartum period.
HLTH 130, MDWF 242, 343
- Assessment of, and support for, maternal rest and sleep as appropriate during the process of labor, birth and the immediate postpartum.
MDWF 242, 243
- Causes of, evaluation of, and appropriate treatment for variations which occur during the course of labor, birth and the immediate postpartum.
BIOL 405, MDWF 242, 243, 344
- Emergency measures and transport procedures for critical problems arising during labor, birth or immediate postpartum.
BIOL 100, MDWF 242, 344, 445
- Understanding of, and appropriate support for, the newborn's transition during the first minutes and hours following birth.
BIOL 406, MDWF 246, 247, 345
- Familiarity with current allopathic medical interventions and technology which may be commonly used in a medical setting.
BIOL 100, 405; MDWF 242, 246, 344, 345, 445
- Evaluation and care of the perineum and surrounding tissues.
BIOL 202, MDWF 243, 446
V. POSTPARTUM CARE
- Anatomy and physiology of the mother during the postpartum period.
BIOL 100, 202, MDWF 246
- Lactation support and appropriate breast care including evaluation of, identification of and treatments for problems with nursing.
BIOL 100, HLTH 132, MDWF 246, 247
- Parameters and methods of evaluating and promoting maternal well-being during the postpartum period.
BIOL 405, HLTH 131, MDWF 246, 247; PROD 410
- Causes of, evaluation of, and treatment for maternal discomforts during the postpartum period.
MDWF 246, 247
- Emotional, psycho-social and sexual variations during the postpartum period. Maternal nutritional requirements during the postpartum period including methods of nutritional evaluation and counseling.
BIOL 202, HLTH 130, 132, 335; MDWF 246, 247
- Causes of, evaluation of and treatments for problems arising during the postpartum period.
BIOL 100, 405; MDWF 246, 247
- Support, information and referral for family planning methods as the individual woman desires.
BIOL 202; MDWF 246, 447
VI. NEONATAL CARE
- Anatomy, physiology and support of the newborn's adjustment during the first days and weeks of life.
BIOL 100, 202, 406; MDWF 246
- Parameters and methods for evaluating newborn wellness including relevant historical data and gestational age.
BIOL 405, 406; HLTH 131, 132; MDWF 246, 247
- Nutritional needs of the newborn.
MDWF 246, 341
- Community standards and state laws regarding indications for, administration of and the risks and benefits of prophylactic allopathic treatments and screening tests commonly used during the neonatal period.
BIOL 405, 406; MDWF 246, PROD 410
- Causes of, assessment of, appropriate treatment and emergency measures for neonatal problems and abnormalities.
BIOL 100, 405, 406; HLTH 132, MDWF 246, 247, 345
VII. PROFESSIONAL, LEGAL AND OTHER ASPECTS
- MANA's documents concerning the art and practice of midwifery.
BUS 413
- The purpose and goal of MANA and local (state or provincial) midwifery associations.
BUS 413
- The principles of data collection as relevant to midwifery practice.
MDWF 242, 342; BUS 413
- Laws governing the practice of midwifery in her local jurisdiction.
BUS 413, MDWF 142, 342, 445
- Various sites, styles and modes of practice within the larger midwifery community.
BIOL 405, BUS 413, HIST 184, MDWF 142, 342, 445
- A basic understanding of the maternal and child health care delivery systems in her local jurisdiction.
BUS 413, HIST 184, MDWF 342
- Awareness of the need from midwives to share their knowledge and experience.
BUS 413, HIST 184, MDWF 142, 342
VIII. WELL-WOMAN CARE AND FAMILY PLANNING
- Understanding of normal life cycle of women.
BIOL 100, 202; MDWF 447, SOSR 163
- Evaluation of the woman's well-being including relevant historical data.
BIOL 405, HLT 335, MDWF 447, 448; SOSR 163
- Causes of, evaluation of and treatments for problems associated with the female reproductive system and breasts.
BIOL 100, 202, 405; HLTH 335, MDWF 447, 448; SOSR 163
- Information on, provision of or referral for various methods of contraception.
BIOL 100, 202, 405; MDWF 447
- Issues involved in decision-making regarding unwanted pregnancies and resources for counseling and referral.
MDWF 447
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